European Union – Freedom of movement. The Court of Justice of the European Union gave a preliminary ruling, deciding that art 9(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1889/2005 (on controls of cash entering or leaving the Community) should be interpreted as precluding national legislation, such as that at issue in the main proceedings, which, in order to penalise a failure to comply with the obligation to declare laid down in art 3 of that regulation, imposed payment of an administrative fine, the amount of which corresponded to 60% of the amount of undeclared cash, where that sum was more than €50,000.