European Union – Consumer protection. The Court of Justice of the European Union made a preliminary ruling concerning the interpretation of arts 6 to 8 of Council Directive (EEC) 93/13 (on unfair terms in consumer contracts) in conjunction with arts 38 and 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The request had been made in proceedings between the applicant and the respondent concerning the enforcement of an arbitration award ordering the latter to repay sums relating to a consumer credit contract.